XR na-ekwu na Apple na-emepụta ngwaọrụ XR nwere ike ime ma ọ bụ nwee ihe ngosi OLED.

Dị ka akụkọ mgbasa ozi si kwuo, a na-atụ anya Apple ịhapụ ngwaọrụ mbụ wearable augmented fact (AR) ma ọ bụ Virtual Reality (VR) na 2022 ma ọ bụ 2023. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ebubata nwere ike ịnọ na Taiwan, dị ka TSMC, Largan, Yecheng, na Pegatron. Apple nwere ike iji osisi nnwale ya na Taiwan chepụta microdisplay a. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-atụ anya na ikpe mara mma nke Apple ga-eduga n'iwepụ ahịa nke eziokwu agbatịkwuru (XR). Ekwenyebeghị ọkwa ngwaọrụ Apple na akụkọ metụtara teknụzụ XR nke ngwaọrụ ahụ (AR, VR, ma ọ bụ MR). Mana Apple agbakwunyela ngwa AR na iPhone na iPad wee malite ikpo okwu ARKit maka ndị mmepe imepụta ngwa AR. N'ọdịnihu, Apple nwere ike ịmepụta ngwaọrụ XR a na-eyi, mepụta mmekọrịta ya na iPhone na iPad, ma jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ gbasaa AR site na ngwa azụmahịa gaa na ngwa ndị ahịa.

Dị ka akụkọ mgbasa ozi Korea si kwuo, Apple kwupụtara na Nọvemba 18 na ọ na-emepụta ngwaọrụ XR nke gụnyere ihe ngosi "OLED." OLED (OLED na Silicon, OLED na Silicon) bụ ngosipụta na-arụ ọrụ OLED mgbe emechara pikselụ na ndị ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na mkpụrụ osisi silicon. N'ihi teknụzụ semiconductor, enwere ike ịkwọ ụgbọ ala nke ọma, na-etinyekwu pikselụ. Mkpebi ngosi a na-ahụkarị bụ narị pikselụ kwa inch (PPI). N'ụzọ dị iche, OLEDoS nwere ike nweta ihe ruru puku pikselụ kwa inch PPI. Ebe ọ bụ na ngwaọrụ XR na-ele anya nso anya, ha ga-akwado mkpebi dị elu. Apple na-akwado ịwụnye ihe ngosi OLED dị elu yana PPI dị elu.

Onyonyo echiche nke ekweisi Apple (isi mmalite foto: Ịntanetị)

Apple na-ezubekwa iji sensọ TOF na ngwaọrụ XR ya. TOF bụ ihe mmetụta nke nwere ike tụọ anya na ọdịdị nke ihe a tụrụ atụ. Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta eziokwu mebere (VR) na eziokwu augmented (AR).

Aghọtara na Apple na-arụ ọrụ na Sony, LG Display, na LG Innotek iji kwalite nyocha na mmepe nke isi ihe. A ghọtara na ọrụ mmepe na-aga n'ihu; Kama naanị nyocha na mmepe teknụzụ, ohere nke ịzụ ahịa ya dị oke elu. Dabere na Bloomberg News, Apple na-ezube ịmalite ngwaọrụ XR na ọkara nke abụọ nke afọ na-abịa.

Samsung na-elekwasịkwa anya na ngwaọrụ XR nke na-abịa. Samsung Electronics tinyere ego n'ịmepụta lenses "DigiLens" maka iko smart. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ kọwapụtaghị ego ntinye ego ahụ, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-abụ ngwaahịa ụdị ugogbe anya nwere ihuenyo nke nwere oghere pụrụ iche. Samsung Electro-Mechanics sokwa na ntinye ego nke DigiLens.

Ihe ịma aka Apple chere ihu n'ichepụta ngwaọrụ XR wearable.

Ngwa AR ma ọ bụ VR nwere ike eyi na-agụnye ihe atọ na-arụ ọrụ: ngosi na ngosi, usoro nhụta, na mgbako.

Ọdịdị ọdịdị nke ngwaọrụ wearable kwesịrị ịtụle ihe ndị metụtara ya dị ka nkasi obi na nnabata, dị ka ibu na nha nke ngwaọrụ ahụ. Ngwa XR dị nso na ụwa mebere na-achọkarị ike ịgbakọ karịa iji mepụta ihe mebere, yabụ arụmọrụ mgbako ha ga-adị elu, na-eduga n'inwe ike ka ukwuu.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nkwụsị ọkụ na batrị XR dị n'ime ya na-ejedebekwa nhazi teknụzụ. Mmachibido ndị a na-emetụtakwa ngwaọrụ AR dị nso na ụwa n'ezie. Ndụ batrị XR nke Microsoft HoloLens 2 (566g) bụ naanị awa 2-3. Ijikọ ngwaọrụ ndị nwere ike ijikọ (tethering) na akụrụngwa mgbako mpụga (dị ka ekwentị ma ọ bụ kọmputa nkeonwe) ma ọ bụ isi iyi ọkụ nwere ike iji mee ihe dị ka ihe ngwọta, mana nke a ga-egbochi ngagharị nke ngwaọrụ ndị nwere ike ime.

Banyere usoro nghọta, mgbe ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ VR na-eme mmekọrịta mmadụ na kọmpụta, nkenke ha na-adabere na njikwa n'aka ha, ọkachasị na egwuregwu, ebe ọrụ nsuso ngagharị dabere na ngwaọrụ nha inertial (IMU). Ngwa AR na-eji oghere onye ọrụ nweere onwe ya, dị ka njirimara olu eke na njikwa mmetụta mmegharị. Ngwaọrụ dị elu dị ka Microsoft HoloLens na-enye ọhụụ igwe na ọrụ omimi omimi 3D, nke bụkwa mpaghara Microsoft mara mma kemgbe Xbox malitere Kinect.

E jiri ya tụnyere ngwaọrụ AR wearable, ọ nwere ike ịdị mfe ịmepụta oghere ndị ọrụ na ngosipụta ngosi na ngwaọrụ VR n'ihi na ọ dị obere mkpa ịtụle ụwa mpụga ma ọ bụ mmetụta nke ìhè ambient. Ihe njikwa ejiri aka nwekwara ike ịdị mfe imepe karịa igwe igwe mgbe ejiri aka efu. Ndị na-ahụ maka aka nwere ike iji IMU, mana njikwa nhụta mmegharị ahụ na omimi omimi 3D dabere na teknụzụ ngwa anya dị elu na algọridim ọhụụ, ya bụ, ọhụụ igwe.

Ngwaọrụ VR kwesịrị ka kpuchido ya ka ọ ghara ime ka ọnọdụ ụwa ghara ime ihe ngosi. Ngosipụta VR nwere ike ịbụ ngosipụta kristal mmiri mmiri LTPS TFT, ihe ngosi LTPS AMOLED nwere ọnụ ala dị ala yana ndị na-ebubata ya, ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi OLED (micro OLED) dabere na silicon. Ọ dị ọnụ ahịa iji otu ngosi (maka aka ekpe na aka nri), buru ibu dị ka ihuenyo ngosi ekwentị mkpanaaka site na inch 5 ruo 6 inch. Agbanyeghị, imewe ihe nleba anya abụọ (anya aka ekpe na aka nri kewapụrụ) na-enye ngbanwe ka mma interpupillary (IPD) na akụkụ nlele (FOV).

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, nyere na ndị ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na-ekiri ihe nkiri kọmputa na-emepụta, obere nkwụsịtụ (ihe oyiyi dị nro, na-egbochi blur) na mkpebi dị elu (na-ewepụ mmetụta ihuenyo) bụ ntụziaka mmepe maka ngosi. Ngosipụta ngwa ngwa VR bụ ihe dị n'etiti ihe ngosi na anya onye ọrụ. Ya mere, a na-ebelata ọkpụrụkpụ (ihe ọdịdị ngwaọrụ) ma dị mma maka nhazi anya dị ka oghere Fresnel. Mmetụta ngosi nwere ike bụrụ ihe ịma aka.

Banyere ihe ngosi AR, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ microdisplay dabere na silicon. Ngosipụta teknụzụ gụnyere kristal mmiri mmiri na silicon (LCOS), nhazi ọkụ dijitalụ (DLP) ma ọ bụ ngwaọrụ enyo dijitalụ (DMD), nyocha laser beam (LBS), micro OLED dabeere na silicon, na micro-LED nke dabeere na silicon (micro-LED on). silicon). Iji guzogide nnyonye anya nke ọkụ gburugburu kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ, ihe ngosi AR ga-enwerịrị nchapụta dị elu karịa 10Knits (n'ịtụle nfu ahụ mgbe ebili mmiri gasịrị, 100Knits kacha mma). Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ọkụ na-agafe agafe, LCOS, DLP na LBS nwere ike ịbawanye nchapụta site n'ịkwalite isi iyi (dị ka laser).

Ya mere, ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịhọrọ iji micro LEDs tụnyere micro OLEDs. Mana n'ihe gbasara ịcha agba na imepụta ihe, teknụzụ micro-LED erubeghị ka teknụzụ micro OLED. Ọ nwere ike iji teknụzụ WOLED (RGB agba nzacha maka ọkụ ọcha) iji mee ka micro OLEDs na-enye ọkụ RGB. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ụzọ kwụ ọtọ maka mmepụta nke micro LEDs. Atụmatụ nwere ike gụnyere mgbanwe agba Plessey's Quantum Dot (QD) (na mmekorita ya na Nanoco), Ostendo's Quantum Photon Imager (QPI) nke emebere RGB stack, yana JBD's X-cube (nchikota nke ibe RGB atọ).

Ọ bụrụ na ngwaọrụ Apple dabere na usoro nlele vidiyo (VST), Apple nwere ike iji teknụzụ micro OLED tozuru oke. Ọ bụrụ na ngwaọrụ Apple dabere na ụzọ nlele anya (optical see-through, OST), Ọ nweghị ike ịzenarị nnyonye anya ọkụ dị ukwuu, yana nchapụta nke micro OLED nwere ike kpachie. Ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ AR na-eche otu nsogbu nnyonye anya ihu, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe kpatara Microsoft HoloLens 2 ji họrọ LBS kama micro OLED.

Ngwa ngwa anya (dị ka oghere waveguide ma ọ bụ Fresnel lens) achọrọ maka imepụta microdisplay abụghị ihe kwụ ọtọ karịa imepụta microdisplay. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dabere na usoro VST, Apple nwere ike iji pancake-style optical design (nchịkọta) iji nweta ihe dị iche iche nke micro-ngosi na ngwa anya. Dabere na usoro OST, ị nwere ike ịhọrọ ihe nlere anya nke waveguide ma ọ bụ bath bath. Uru nke nhazi ngwa anya waveguide bụ na ọdịdị ya dị ntakịrị ma dị ntakịrị. Agbanyeghị, optics waveguide nwere arụmọrụ ntụgharị anya na-adịghị ike maka microdisplays yana nsogbu ndị ọzọ dị ka mgbagha, ịdị n'otu, ogo agba, na iche. The diffractive optical element (DOE), holographic optical element (HOE), na ihe na-atụgharị anya (ROE) bụ ụzọ bụ isi na-esi na-emegharị ihe nlegharị anya. Apple nwetara Akonia Holographics na 2018 iji nweta nka nka ya.